The use of geographical indications is an important method of indicating the origin of goods and services. One of the aims of their use is to promote commerce by informing the customer of the origin of the products. Often this may imply a certain quality, which the customer may be looking for. They can be used for industrial and agricultural products. Protection of such indications is on a national basis but there are various international treaties that assist the protection in a range of countries.<\/p>\n
Geographical indications in a broad sense include indications of source, appellation of origin, and geographical indication (in the strict sense). It should be pointed out that the Paris Convention does not use in its terminology the term geographical indication; it rather utilizes the terms, indications of source and appellations of origin. Begin by listening to the first audio segment, which explains in broad terms the meaning of geographical indications.<\/p>\n Choose from the list below those geographical indications which may also be considered appellations of origin<\/strong><\/p>\n a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Bordeaux wine<\/strong><\/p>\n b)\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Stilton Cheese<\/strong><\/p>\n c)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Roquefort Cheese<\/strong><\/p>\n d)\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Champagne<\/strong><\/p>\n e)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Sheffield steel<\/strong><\/p>\n f)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Made in Japan<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n a,c,d . \u2018Stilton\u2019 refers to the way in which the cheese is made not from where it originates. \u2018Sheffield Steel\u2019 is a geographical indication but does not claim its qualities from the situation of Sheffield in the north of England. Likewise for \u2018Made in Japan\u2019.<\/p>\n In short an appellation of origin is a geographical indication that declares the quality of the goods for which it is used to be derived essentially or exclusively from the area of production.<\/p>\n As mentioned at the beginning of the module, another term used to in the Paris Convention is indication of course which should be distinguished with appellation of origin. The former is merely an indication of the geographical region where the product is made. Whereas an appellation of origin requires quality link between the product and its area of production.<\/p>\n Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n A geographical indication is basically a notice stating that a given product originates in a given geographical area. An appellation of origin is a more precise form of geographical indicator, which specifies that the product has qualities that are derived specifically from the fact that it is made in a particular region.<\/p>\n As stated above a geographical indication is a broad term, which includes appellation of origin, indication of source, and geographical indication in strict sense. In the literature, the term geographical indication is generally used in its broader sense to embody all these terms (appellation of origin, indication of source, and geographical indication in strict sense.<\/p>\n Geographical indications can be protected nationally either by decree or by a register.<\/p>\n Internationally they can be protected by reciprocal arrangements between countries or in the case of appellations of origin by the Lisbon Agreement. Furthermore the TRIPS Agreement requires all members of the World Trade Organization to protect geographical indications.<\/p>\n Legislative Texts:<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration<\/p>\n \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TRIPS Agreement<\/p>\n \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" The use of geographical indications is an important method of indicating the origin of goods and services. One of the aims of their use is to promote commerce by informing the customer of the origin of the products. 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\nGeographical Indications<\/strong><\/p>\n
\nAn indication of source means any expression or sign used to indicate that a product or service originates in a country, a region, and a specific place where the product originated. Example: Made in Japan.
\nAn appellation of origin means the geographical name of a country, region, specific place which serves to designate a product originating therein, the characteristic qualities of which are due exclusively or essentially to the geographical environment, including natural or human factors or both. Example: Champagne.<\/p>\n